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Yttrium (Y)
Atomic number 39 · transition
| Atomic number | 39 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 88.90584 u |
| Molar mass | 88.90584 g/mol |
| Category | transition |
| Group / period / block | 3 / 5 / d |
| Electron configuration | [Kr] 4d 5s2 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 9, 2 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.22 |
| Atomic radius | 180.0 pm |
| Density | 4.47 g/cm³ |
| First ionisation energy | 6.2173 eV |
| Melting point | 1795.15 K (1522.00 °C) |
| Boiling point | 3618.15 K (3345.00 °C) |
| Common oxidation states | +3 |
| Abundance in Earth's crust | 33 ppm |
Uses
LEDs, lasers, superconductors
Discovery
1789, Johann Gadolin