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Silicon (Si)
Atomic number 14 · Metalloid
| Atomic number | 14 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 28.085 u |
| Molar mass | 28.085 g/mol |
| Category | Metalloid |
| Group / period / block | 14 / 3 / p |
| Electron configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p2 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 4 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.9 |
| Atomic radius | 110.0 pm |
| Density | 2.3296 g/cm³ |
| First ionisation energy | 8.1517 eV |
| Melting point | 1687.15 K (1414.00 °C) |
| Boiling point | 3538.15 K (3265.00 °C) |
| Common oxidation states | -4, +4 |
| Abundance in Earth's crust | 282000 ppm |
Uses
Computer chips, solar cells, glass
Discovery
1824, Jöns Berzelius