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Phosphorus (P)
Atomic number 15 · Non-metal
| Atomic number | 15 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 30.97376 u |
| Molar mass | 30.97376 g/mol |
| Category | Non-metal |
| Group / period / block | 15 / 3 / p |
| Electron configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p3 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 5 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 2.19 |
| Atomic radius | 100.0 pm |
| Density | 1.823 g/cm³ |
| First ionisation energy | 10.4867 eV |
| Melting point | 317.3 K (44.15 °C) |
| Boiling point | 553.65 K (280.50 °C) |
| Common oxidation states | -3, +3, +5 |
| Abundance in Earth's crust | 1050 ppm |
Uses
Fertilisers, matches, detergents
Discovery
1669, Hennig Brand