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Erbium (Er)
Atomic number 68 · Lanthanide
| Atomic number | 68 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 167.259 u |
| Molar mass | 167.259 g/mol |
| Category | Lanthanide |
| Group / period / block | — / 6 / f |
| Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f12 6s2 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.24 |
| Atomic radius | 175.0 pm |
| Density | 9.07 g/cm³ |
| First ionisation energy | 6.1077 eV |
| Melting point | 1802.15 K (1529.00 °C) |
| Boiling point | 3141.15 K (2868.00 °C) |
| Common oxidation states | +3 |
| Abundance in Earth's crust | 3.5 ppm |
Uses
Fibre-optic amplifiers, pink glass
Discovery
1843, Carl Mosander