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Scandium (Sc)
Atomic number 21 · transition
| Atomic number | 21 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 44.95591 u |
| Molar mass | 44.95591 g/mol |
| Category | transition |
| Group / period / block | 3 / 4 / d |
| Electron configuration | [Ar] 3d 4s2 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 9, 2 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.36 |
| Atomic radius | 160.0 pm |
| Density | 2.99 g/cm³ |
| First ionisation energy | 6.5615 eV |
| Melting point | 1814.15 K (1541.00 °C) |
| Boiling point | 3109.15 K (2836.00 °C) |
| Common oxidation states | +3 |
| Abundance in Earth's crust | 22 ppm |
Uses
Alloys for sports gear, stadium lights
Discovery
1879, Lars Nilson