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Lithium (Li)
Atomic number 3 · alkali
| Atomic number | 3 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 6.94 u |
| Molar mass | 6.94 g/mol |
| Category | alkali |
| Group / period / block | 1 / 2 / s |
| Electron configuration | [He] 2s |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 1 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 0.98 |
| Atomic radius | 145.0 pm |
| Density | 0.534 g/cm³ |
| First ionisation energy | 5.3917 eV |
| Melting point | 453.65 K (180.50 °C) |
| Boiling point | 1615.15 K (1342.00 °C) |
| Common oxidation states | +1 |
| Abundance in Earth's crust | 20 ppm |
Uses
Rechargeable batteries (phones, EVs), medicine
Discovery
1817, Johann Arfwedson