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Gadolinium (Gd)
Atomic number 64 · Lanthanide
| Atomic number | 64 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 157.25 u |
| Molar mass | 157.25 g/mol |
| Category | Lanthanide |
| Group / period / block | — / 6 / f |
| Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f7 5d 6s2 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.2 |
| Atomic radius | 180.0 pm |
| Density | 7.9 g/cm³ |
| First ionisation energy | 6.1498 eV |
| Melting point | 1586.15 K (1313.00 °C) |
| Boiling point | 3546.15 K (3273.00 °C) |
| Common oxidation states | +3 |
| Abundance in Earth's crust | 6.2 ppm |
Uses
MRI contrast agent
Discovery
1880, Jean de Marignac