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Copper (Cu)
Atomic number 29 · transition
| Atomic number | 29 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 63.546 u |
| Molar mass | 63.546 g/mol |
| Category | transition |
| Group / period / block | 11 / 4 / d |
| Electron configuration | [Ar] 3d10 4s |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 1 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.9 |
| Atomic radius | 135.0 pm |
| Density | 8.96 g/cm³ |
| First ionisation energy | 7.7264 eV |
| Melting point | 1357.77 K (1084.62 °C) |
| Boiling point | 2833.15 K (2560.00 °C) |
| Common oxidation states | +2 |
| Abundance in Earth's crust | 60 ppm |
Uses
Electric wires, pipes, coins
Discovery
Known since ancient times